Difference between revisions of "The Chemical Classification of Gems & Minerals"

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| [[Class II: Sulfides]]
 
| [[Class II: Sulfides]]
| Sulfur is the principal anion: includes tellurides and arenides
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| Sulfur is the principal <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">anion</SPAN>: includes tellurides and arenides
 
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|[[Class III: Halides]]
 
|[[Class III: Halides]]
| Halogen elements are anions: F, Cl, Br
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| Halogen elements are <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">anions</SPAN>: F, Cl, Br
 
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|-
 
|[[Class IV: Oxides]]
 
|[[Class IV: Oxides]]
| Oxygen is the principal anion, included hydroxides in which the hydroxyl radical (OH) acts as the anion
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| Oxygen is the principal <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">anion</SPAN>, included hydroxides in which the hydroxyl radical (OH) acts as the anion
 
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|-
 
| [[Class V a:Carbonates]]
 
| [[Class V a:Carbonates]]
|Carbonate radical (CO3) is the principal anion
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|Carbonate radical (CO3) is the principal <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">anion</SPAN>
 
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|-
 
| [[Class V b:Borates]]
 
| [[Class V b:Borates]]
| Borate radical (BO3) and boate groups are anions
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| Borate radical (BO3) and boate groups are <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">anions</SPAN>
 
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| [[Class VI a:Tungstates]]
 
| [[Class VI a:Tungstates]]
| Anions are principally WO4
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| <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">Anions</SPAN> are principally WO4
 
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|-
 
| [[Class VI b:Sulphates]]
 
| [[Class VI b:Sulphates]]
| sulphate radical (SO4) is the principal anion
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| sulphate radical (SO4) is the principal <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">anion</SPAN>
 
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|-
 
| [[Class VII: Phosphates]]
 
| [[Class VII: Phosphates]]
| Anions are principally PO4
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| <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">Anions</SPAN> are principally PO4
 
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| [[Class VIII: Silicates]]
 
| [[Class VIII: Silicates]]
| Silicate groups as anions combining with other elements: includes silica SiO2
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| Silicate groups as <SPAN title=" Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Having more negatively charged electrons than positively charged protons, they are negatively charged. "  class="popup">anions</SPAN> combining with other elements: includes silica SiO2
 
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Revision as of 14:01, 1 October 2006

The Chemical Classification of Gems & Minerals
Gems can be organized into classes, based on their chemistry.

Class Description
Class I: Pure Elements Metals, alloys, semi-metals and non-metals
Class II: Sulfides Sulfur is the principal anion: includes tellurides and arenides
Class III: Halides Halogen elements are anions: F, Cl, Br
Class IV: Oxides Oxygen is the principal anion, included hydroxides in which the hydroxyl radical (OH) acts as the anion
Class V a:Carbonates Carbonate radical (CO3) is the principal anion
Class V b:Borates Borate radical (BO3) and boate groups are anions
Class VI a:Tungstates Anions are principally WO4
Class VI b:Sulphates sulphate radical (SO4) is the principal anion
Class VII: Phosphates Anions are principally PO4
Class VIII: Silicates Silicate groups as anions combining with other elements: includes silica SiO2